Bhopal Essay Example for Free

Bhopal Essay

Negotiated Order Free Essays

: â€Å"The Negotiated Order of authoritative Reliability. †| | Watson (2008), â€Å"Organizational rules and pecking orders have an impact of in the designing of life in associations however the general authoritative request is one that develops out of the procedure whereby various gatherings utilize rules, strategies and data in the everyday arrangements that happen between them about what is going to occur in some random circumstance at a specific time. Paul Schulman, in his compositions on the Diablo Canyon atomic force plant unfurled the various parts of the board bit by bit demonstrating how association rules, chains of importance and societies influence the viability of the plant. We will compose a custom paper test on Arranged Order or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Toward the start of the article ‘The arranged request of authoritative reliability’, Schulman (1993) dives into the domain of both the specialist and director by presenting and further conceptualizing the possibility of â€Å"slack†. He explains the connection of this idea, of slack by separating it into two assortments. Right off the bat â€Å"resource slack, in time cash, personnel†¦can be seen contrarily as an ineffective wastefulness in the association, a problematic allotment of accessible intends to wanted closures. † This idea sketched out intrinsically addresses the possibility of Taylor’s ‘systematic soldiering’, where Taylor clarifies this thought as â€Å" employee’s intentional endeavor to confine yield and still get greatest prize without enticing administration to return and fix the rate. † The second part of slack focused in on is that of control slack. Regardless of the negative implication of the word slack basically from a modern human science viewpoint can be seen emphatically as an approach to move away from a logical administration approach which assists with separating a concentrated bureaucratic position. Shulman’s point on the paper being talked about is commonly centered around the possibility of association capacity and adequacy and unwavering quality from laborers. One such method of doing such was by the workplace, the article delineated a very point by point depiction of the environmental factors of the plant; the Diablo Canyon atomic plant is situated on sections of land of delightful homestead land with meat dairy cattle and yields in transit. Parker in his book Sociology of Industry (2005), noted from the Hawthorne considers led that natural variables assumed a key job on persuading laborers conduct. Modern human science would pinpoint the key exertion puts on condition to be all piece of management’s method of persuading or simply keeping laborers glad. The creator features an away from of work just as care groups, separate divisions to deal with every issue model Safety and Emergency Services office just as Safety Review gatherings, fire Marshalls, hygienists. This innately shows the inflexible bureaucratic structure famous at the firm with every particular gathering having a planned errand to deal with. Laborers occupations are checked by means of value confirmation who reports to the VP of utility. He shows that the firm too keeps up a degree of consistence with regards to explicit measures. Above all with regards to representative communication and state at work, what isolates this firm from a logical administration style is the way that they have week after week meeting which innately permit representatives to be a piece of the firm just as care group for laborers. Schulman features in his examination that regardless of the elevated levels of specialization and association there is strain to â€Å"formalize† assignments and subsequently there are some â€Å"established standards for operationsâ€not officially however casually. † These standards the essayist integrates with the title of the article arranged request which he featured there is at the firm anyway it was hard to really bring up aside from with the instance of ill-advised correspondence between the day and night director who didn't disclose to one another about changes that were made. In all the instance of Diablo gorge chiefs plan to lessen slack and addition most extreme safe degrees of execution, they have actualized formalized normalize progressive structures which help characteristically advance societies alluring for the association as they saw that were pompous were not seen as a perfect specialist also the inside nation had an arrangement of fairly covering powers along these lines diminishing centrality. Dissecting this piece from a modern humanism outlook raises numerous issues. Right off the bat Schulman neglects to show how truly workers are inspired at Diablo Canyon. Regardless of the considerable number of projects and gatherings set up there is no away from of how the worker is in truth propelled. The creator concentrates on the executives and the executives capacities, and measures they set up. His primary issue of worry as referenced earlier was proficiency on the light of the manager’s point of view of the firm. A ton of the paper went on to â€Å"sort out units†, separate distinctive piece of the association and feature their job. For instance there is a â€Å" Plant Staff survey board of trustees that meets week after week to favor procedural alteration and configuration changes, just as a Technical audit group† , demonstrating that administration takes significant level of significance in quality and control. With every one of these gatherings particularly bolster gatherings and security bunches it goes about as a help to laborers. In this way here we can say that there is despite the fact that not referenced by the creator an inspiration occurring by usage of these gatherings. Taking a gander at the Pychologistic side in the executives, we see that Maslow (1954) accepted that logical administration ought to be patched up and renovated to and â€Å"centered on discharging people’s potential at different levels† Maslow structured and set forth a model he called the â€Å"Hierarchy of needs† in which he traces different degrees of inspiration for laborers. At the Diablo ravine we see that laborers are persuaded on the second just as some proof of third level, which are wellbeing needs and love needs separately. Particularly security needs with all the assessment units, the Onsite Planning Engineering Group for instance â€Å"engineered to confirm exercises are performed appropriately and investigates general wellbeing of the plant just as investigates hardware adjustment. † Worth notice is the correlation the writer makes to an examination entitle â€Å"The Hospital and it’s Negotiated order† (Strauss, Schatzman, Ehrlic, Bucher and Sabsin (1963) depicted what the compose states as a â€Å"complex example of complementary yet implicit agreements† between medical clinic staff. Schulman unmistakably features as a component of his issue that the previously mentioned wonder of arranged request which was delivered by the Interactionist School in modern human science can in reality be seen inside the plant. â€Å" not exclusively are a scope of casual interorganizational understandings perceptible, their exchange and ceaseless reestablishment are perceived and grasped officially in the organization†. Here one plainly comprehends that yes there is a presence of arranged request anyway he neglects to affect on its reality on the plant here on the loose. Rather he appears to draw out the possibility of a more Durkheimian strand of gatherings and the significance of formal and casual gatherings at the working environment. Tony Watson (2008) features a case which can reflect a correlation with gatherings. A specialist found that inside two divisions that the office with a more elevated level of social solidarity, were more reinforced with comparative encounters, and simply had a gathering or network type setting. Hence it loans the peruser to ask whether the supervisors at the firm intended to bring out such factors and make a helper all by itself out of the gatherings. Schulman (1993), shows the peruser that â€Å"A new understanding had been haggled between the Radiation insurance official and the night move foreman to make minor alteration in the plan of scaffolding† anyway it was discovered that the night move foreman neglected to make notice to the day foreman. There isn't adequate proof to show whether too this could have been an instance of arranged request and they settled on the choice unconscious to the day as their very own result benefits, as the day foreman complained: â€Å"They are changing the principles in the game†. Anyway the creator shows how quickly the board resolves such an issue. Here administration endeavored to guarantee everything was cleared up and he states to â€Å"restore neighborly relations between the two departments†. In this way one can suggest that at Diablo Canyon there is a focal point of union and understanding among the firm which removes a piece from the logical administration domain that Taylor would discuss. Trust is an essential strong unit and this is achieved by too the decentralization and division of forces at the plant, again moving concentrate away from an administrator driven job, at the plant there is by all accounts to a greater degree a specialist situated feel to a degree. This might be so whereby there are endeavors to have week after week gatherings hearing worker input just as the separating of jobs inside the association in spite of the inflexible bureaucratic structure there is some adaptability which loans back to the point toward the start of the paper by Schulman when he makes reference to â€Å"control slack†. To additionally add to the composition of Schulman utilizing the musings and ideas much the same as that of Industrial human science, first to dig more into the issue of arranged request as it identifies with â€Å"slack†. A firm like Diablo Canyon can without much of a stretch fall helpless to troubled laborers, because of the kind of condition directors should pay special mind to casual social gatherings. While notice of it was made, taking a gander at Durkh

California Representative Criticizes Payday Loan Regulation Rollback That Could Impact Seniors - OppLoans

California Representative Criticizes Payday Loan Regulation Rollback That Could Impact Seniors - OppLoans California Representative Criticizes Payday Loan Regulation Rollback That Could Impact Seniors California Representative Criticizes Payday Loan Regulation Rollback That Could Impact SeniorsInside Subprime: Feb 11, 2019By Ben MooreThe Consumer Financial Protection Bureau announced this past Wednesday that the bureau will be overhauling a payday loan regulation, a move that could greatly affect senior citizens. The announcement comes after years of lobbying by lenders aiming to block the rule from being enforced, claiming the rule would make it too difficult to maintain business if enforced. Advocates of the Obama-era rule have made remarks insinuating they will seek legal action in order to block the Trump administration’s changes, and democratic policymakers have been critical of the revision as well. Representative Maxine Waters sees the proposal as sending “a message to predatory payday lenders that they may continue to harm vulnerable communities without penalty” and urged Kraninger to rescind the proposal. Meanwhile, consumer advocates have called for tougher require ments in order to “rein in” payday lenders’ business practices.The change is expected to hit senior citizens especially hard as the number of Americans over the age of 62 using payday loans  tripled from 2015 to 2016, according to a report from the California department of Business Oversight. The report also found that almost one in every four payday loans is being lent to senior citizens, with APRs reaching up to 372 percent. Many senior citizens use payday loans for medical bills as well as rent payments. But their lack of regular, steady income that other borrowers get from employment makes it difficult for seniors to repay a payday loan in time, and in accordance with the rules of the loan. Many senior citizens find themselves dealing with overdraft fees, high interest, and even bankruptcy because of this.Payday lenders have come under fire as purposefully targeting senior citizens, especially in part to the income they receive from Social Security checks. Diane Standaert , the executive vice president and director of state policy at the Center for Responsible Lending, believes “payday lenders’ cluster around government-subsidized housing for seniors and the disabled” because of the monetary benefits they receive from the government. Senior citizens also are at a disadvantage due to their lack of access to financial advice professionals who could help them avoid payday loans and direct them to more healthy forms of budgeting and borrowing. Brent Weiss, the co-founder and head of planning at Facet Wealth in Baltimore, believes this lack of access makes them even more “susceptible and vulnerable” as payday lenders will “prey on [seniors]’ lack of [financial] literacy”.It is estimated that about 40 percent of middle-class Americans will live in poverty by the time they are 65 years old, according to a Schwartz center for Economic Policy Analysis at the New School report. A quarter of households age 65 and up already rely on Social Securi ty for 90 percent of their retirement income, with an average Social Security check coming in at around $1,400 a month. Senior citizens do have alternatives to payday loans. Low-income seniors can look into state assistance programs, which can help with daily living costs, as well as nonprofit organizations that work with seniors living in financial hardship.For more information on  payday loans, scams, and  cash advances  and  check out our city and state financial guides  including California, Anaheim,  Bakersfield,  Chico,  Fresno,  Los Angeles,  Modesto,  Oakland,  Redding,  Riverside,  Sacramento,  San Diego,  San Francisco,  San Jose,  Santa Barbara  and  Stockton.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

Foucault and Nietzsche on Knowledge - 1032 Words

The concept of power should be considered with greater attention because it shows a path to which Foucault adheres, to an extent, but not to the discharge of other pathways that contradict it. In fact, productive power comes from Foucault’s idea that contradictory vision disables power against a self-governing subject and does not understand the connection of power and its subject. What is more important, is that Foucault makes a rational connection between knowledge and power, stating that power relations are predicated on knowledge, but the latter does not imply power relations. Nonetheless, the denial of independent knowledge is associated with the independent individuality, which means that power and knowledge are combined to deliver a form of subjectivity. A psychological identity relates to a persons self-image and needs to be revealed by delivering an idea that defines modern outlooks on individual. The human sciences develop different aspects of individuality and identity and, therefore, they are based on the assumption that science is a reflection of power relations leading to knowledge expansion. According to John McGowan, in The Problem of Freedom in Postmodern Theory, â€Å"knowledge, power, and the subject are shown to be intimately related to one another within a single productive process (p. 129).† In this instance, it could be stated that power is considered to be the major source of knowledge and subject. The connection between knowledge and power creates theShow MoreRelatedThe Philosophical Methodology of Geneaology1395 Words   |  6 Pagesof deconstruction, Foucault also sought to deconstruct all metaphysical ideas and disregard the belief of perpetual truths. His idea of genealogy operates under the assumption t hat the facts are to be interpreted as opposed to accepted, for facts can be created by the will to truth, or the need for truth at any price. This concept originally belonged to Nietzsche, borrowed and expanded on by Foucault. Foucault provides greater insight to genealogy thanks to the work of Nietzsche, applying the conceptRead MorePostmoderntiy: a Break from Modernity1903 Words   |  8 Pagestheir particular usage. (Gibbins Reimer, 1996, p. 8) As such, the meaning of â€Å"post† in this paper refers a â€Å"break from†, â€Å"opposition to†, â€Å"difference to and from† and a response to†. Works of Karl Marx and John Stuart Mill; Friedrich Nietzsche and Michel Foucault will prove that there is break between Modernity and Postmodernity. Modernity Modernity refers to a way of life and state of mind that experience progressive economic and administrative rationalization on which this processesRead MorePost Modernism vs. Modernism870 Words   |  4 PagesModernism vs. Post Modernism The ideas of modernism and post modernism are fundamentally different. Modernism is the belief that human beings can improve their environment, using scientific knowledge, technology and putting all of those things into practice. Modernism is prevalent in the field of arts. The concept of post modernism looks at the ideas behind modernism and questions whether they really exist. (wikipedia) Modernism began in the early 1800s. It emerged with Manet and BaudelaireRead MoreAnalysis Of Spinoza And Nietzsche s Spinoza 1699 Words   |  7 PagesThis is why he so struck Nietzsche. Historically, the distinction between ethics and morality was set up to distinguish between an Aristotelian/Stoic emphasis on the good or virtuous life and a Kantian emphasis on the moral law. Spinoza and Nietzsche are heretic hiccups in this history and Deleuze draws upon them heavily, working out an immanent theory of ethics in his early monographs on them. He expanded upon a matching ontology much later, in Anti-Oedipus, which Foucault called â€Å"the first bookRead MoreAccording to Foucault, Archaeology Is a Method, Whereas Genealogy Is a Tactic. What Is the Difference?2002 Words   |  9 Pagesmoment least a shift of emphasis does appear to be present is in the writings which emerged after the Archaeology of Knowledge and after the brief cultural and political event known as May 68 in France. Archaeology constitutes a way of doing historical analysis of systems of thought or discourse. To be more precise archaeology seeks to describe the archive, he term employed by Foucault to refer to â€Å"the general system of formation and transformation of statements’ existent at a given period within aRead MoreEssay on Postmodernism and Social Praxis4522 Words   |  19 PagesResistance and Solidarity, as well as in A Feminist Ethic of Risk, Sharon D. Welch sets forth a liberation theology in which the deconstructive processes of Michel Foucault are key. Her theology is an amalgam of Foucaults poststructuralist concepts and liberation theologys action-oriented motivation. Welch claims the genealogical methods of Foucault are ideal motivators, urging the activist to political involvement. However, Michel Foucaults genealogy was not intended for such pragmatic applications. FoucaultsRead MoreThe Classic Greek Discourse On Leadership Essay1948 Words   |  8 Pagesrelations hip based on inequality. Power, Knowledge and the Subject – Foucault’s Episteme Foucault s work covers a wide range of subjects from psychiatry (1967), the human sciences (1970), medicine (1973), the penal system (1977), to sexuality (1981, 1985, 1986). There are, however, a number of underlying themes that one might identify as central to his discourses. This section deals with a brief outlay of his major works, focusing on Genealogy, power/knowledge and subjectivity which are necessary toRead More Postmodernity as the Climax of Modernity: Horizons of the Cultural Future3557 Words   |  15 Pagesthe particular pattern of self-reflection and self-description, postmodernity should be viewed as an epoch representing the climax of modernity and its self-refutation. Parting with traditional society, modernity represents the triumph of power-knowledge, the divorce between spheres of culture, the global social relations, the new institutions, the change in the understanding of space-time relations, the cult of the new, and the modernization process. While preserving the institutional set of modernityRead MoreIs Power Central to Understanding Politics?2270 Words   |  10 Pageson the study of politics as a process or activity with an interdisciplinary approach. The debate on the centrality of the concept of power for understanding the politics is the interaction with the different space and time. And the intervention of Foucault comes in this way as a breakthrough from the conventional notions of power. The Power: Meaning, Nature, Significance and Characteristics The English noun power derives from the Latin ‘petere’, which means â€Å"to be able†. At the simplest level, powerRead MoreDiscipline And Punish By Nietzsche, Structuralism And Foucault s Political Activism Essay1933 Words   |  8 Pagesto be a structuralist interpretation of the prison, the book is in many ways an attempt to give a theoretical grounding to what Foucault had seen, to explain the conditions and structures of the places he visited in terms of the operation of power in society. Three influences are particularly important in Discipline and Punish: Nietzsche, structuralism and Foucault s political activism. None entirely explain his project, however. There has been a shift in types of punishment for criminals. Once

Learning, Knowledge and Performance Free Essay Example, 3000 words

52). The evolved context providing a medium for embedding specific situations define the culture of an organization such as Siemens. Climate and culture entail the history of the company and employees hold it dearly and collectively (Reid 1995, p. 112). Influence and power cannot manipulate culture at Siemens. Similarly, the climate at Siemens as an organization constitutes the appropriate situation at a specific time linked to the feelings, thoughts, as well as behavior of institutional employees (Barer-Stein 1991, p. 61). Employees can manipulate the climate of the organization because it is temporary in nature. Employees and other workers with influence and power can manipulate the climate at Siemens. Comparatively, culture influences the sharing of knowledge because the process requires an organizational culture that supports its survival and growth. Employees can only trust an embedded culture provided it is not easy to manipulate the same. It is easy for them to share the same. An environment where players value sharing makes it easy for people to share information willingly as opposed to the use of force. The value of knowledge increases when shared among various people (Little, Quintas, &Ray 2001, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning, Knowledge and Performance or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now 77). Other important factors that influence the process of sharing knowledge and development of such behavior are space and time (Gibb 2008, p. 65). Drafting a busy schedule where employees remain at consistently makes it difficult for people to share information. Busy schedules and programs make employees busy with their work leaving insufficient time for them to communicate with each other. Sharing of knowledge cannot occur under such circumstances. Technology and Communication Issues identified in the culture subsection make it crucial for decision makers to generate factors that help in the increase of sharing of knowledge among employees to reduce the gaps in the knowledge (Ehrman 1996, p. 101). Employees at Siemens and in other companies as well believe that technology offers the best platform for sharing of knowledge. However, scholars posit that the case is not always the same for large companies such as Siemens. Other large organizations have superior methods to facilitate the process of sharing knowledge with little help coming from technology (Newell, Robertson, Scarborough, &Swan 2009, p. 89). According to scholars subscribing to this school of thought, the best platform that facilitates the sharing of knowledge remains employees. Other scholars delve into analyzing extrinsic and intrinsic rewards as alternative platform that facilitate the sharing of knowledge.

The Negative Impact of Conglomeration of Media Companies...

Wedian Ibrahim May 13, 2012 The Negative Impact of Conglomeration of Media Companies on Audiences The word conglomeration is defined as the formation of a large company by the merging of separate and diverse small firms. Media conglomerate is a large company or corporation formed by merging of different small media outlets such as TV, radio, newspapers, and internet. Big companies tend to buy out other smaller companies in the market to increase their revenue by increasing their viewership, and to control the smaller companies’ resources. This creates media oligopoly by which few firms dominate the market. This media conglomeration is threatening democracy because of its negative impact on audiences. Those†¦show more content†¦With the closure of the Reporter in 2003, the city of Cambridge lost its oldest local news coverage source in Southern Ontario. Some criticizers claim that Torstar closed the Reporter to make room for the other more profitable daily newspapers (Robock 1). Mirko Bibic, senior vice-president of regulatory affairs for both the network and its t elecommunications parent, BCE Inc, says â€Å"We won’t continue to fund chronically unprofitable stations, tiny stations in tiny little towns.† (Sturgeon 1) . With the closure of many local media outlets lots of employees will be left unemployed. In 2009, 1000 journalists lost their jobs in local newspapers in Northcliffe in the United Kingdome because Northcliffe Media Company lost 37% of these newspapers advertising revenue (Toynbee 1). Also, Guardian Media Group closed 153 of its local newsroom in the same year (Toynbee 1). In conclusion, conglomeration of media needs lots of attention as it is threatening democracy in Canada. Conglomeration of media made corporations care about the business part of the media more than the ethics of the profession. Conglomeration of media also caused media bias and loss of objectivity in delivering the news to the public. Finally, conglomeration of media is the major cause of the loss of the local news in Canada. As a result, lots of media professionals are losing theirShow MoreRelatedAn Exploration of Media and its Effects on Social Rleationships: Media/Society: Industries, Images, and Audience by David Croteau and William Hoynes1896 Words   |  8 PagesMedia is becoming an important aspect of today’s society. Each and every day, people interact with media of many different forms. Media is commonly defined as being a channel of communication. â€Å"Our everyday lives are saturated by radio, television, newspapers, books, the Internet, movies, recorded music, magazines, and more. In the twenty-first century, we navigate through a vast mass media environment unprecedented in human history.† (Croteau and Hoynes, p. 3)This is also true when we say mediaRead MoreBusiness Assignment : Advertising Industry2269 Words   |  10 PagesMedia Institutions Assignment Essay Advertising Industry This essay aims to demonstrate the ways in which the advertising industry has helped to shape production. In this essay I will be using â€Å"Product placement is the inclusion of a branded product in media, usually without explicit reference to the product. Most commonly, branded products are featured in movies, television shows and video games.† (Whatis.com, 2013). Product placement is not an uncommon thing nowadays since Ofcom made itRead MoreRupert Murdoch ¬Ã‚ ¥S Media Monopoly5481 Words   |  22 PagesThe paper explores how dangerous such an important mass media as TV can be, if too many power is concentrated in just a few hands, and how our perception of reality can be manipulated by the selection and manipulation of information presented on TV. Table of Contents Introduction Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…..Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â… p. 3 1. The development of television Â…Â…Â….. p. 4 2. Globalisation of the TV market and its effects Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…Â…. p. 5 3. How legislation can influence the quality of journalism Â…Â…Â…Â…Â….. pRead More Public Opinion and Television Essay5264 Words   |  22 PagesPublic Opinion and Television The paper explores how dangerous such an important mass media as TV can be, if too many power is concentrated in just a few hands, and how our perception of reality can be manipulated by the selection and manipulation of information presented on TV. Introduction The following term paper deals with the development of television from its early beginnings in the 1920s up to now. My attention focuses on the powers which influence what is shown on TV and theRead MoreElectronic Media vs Print (Thesis Paper)13276 Words   |  54 PagesElectronic Media VS. Print Where America Gets Its News Table of Contents Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......................†¦4 Premise Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Personal Limitation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.......................†¦5 Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Section 1: Birth of Electronic Media and its Popularity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Radio†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦6 Humble Beginnings†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......6 From Navigation toRead MoreMarketing Channel44625 Words   |  179 Pagesproducers today sell their goods to ________. A) final users B) final users and marketing members C) intermediaries D) the government at various levels E) competitors Answer: C Diff: 2 Page Ref: 339 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 6) A company s channel decisions directly affect every ________. A) channel member B) marketing decision C) customer s choices D) employee in the channel E) competitor s actions Answer: B Diff: 2 Page Ref: 339 Skill: Concept Objective: 12-1 Read MoreStrategic Brand Management And Integrated Marketing Communications6902 Words   |  28 Pages3. Brand Exploratory Best Practices 15 4. Conclusions Recommendations 17 5. 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Dilbert Toys Manufacturing Company

Question: Discuss about the Dilbert Toysmanufacturing company. Answer: Introduction Dilbert Toys is a toy manufacturing company which makes the popular Flopping Freddy Frog and Jumpin Jill Junebug doll. Each doll is made in batches and thus incurs a set up cost for each batch of dolls they manufacture. The company currently uses number of set ups as the cost driver to determine the total set up costs. The company has recently hired Bec Williams as an accountant for the company. He has found that the time taken for set up for each product is different and hence recommended to use number of set up hours to determine the total set up costs. To find a better way to calculate total set up costs, he has collected data for the past 9 months and used regression analysis find the relation between the number of set ups and the total set up costs and the number of set up hours and the total set up costs. The regression output for the number of set ups and the total set up costs is given below: SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.681718718 R Square 0.46474041 Adjusted R Square 0.388274754 Standard Error 51351.14094 Observations 9 ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 16026703955 16026703955 6.077766624 0.043128194 Residual 7 18458577734 2636939676 Total 8 34485281689 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 14256.33005 61323.4193 0.232477742 0.822817753 -130750.5144 159263.1745 -130750.5144 159263.1745 X Variable 1 421.4687192 170.9595388 2.465312683 0.043128194 17.21364777 825.7237907 17.21364777 825.7237907 The regression output for the number of set up hours and the total set up costs is given below: SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.919609196 R Square 0.845681073 Adjusted R Square 0.823635512 Standard Error 27572.5839 Observations 9 ANOVA Df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 29163550010 29163550010 38.3606056 0.000448041 Residual 7 5321731679 760247382.7 Total 8 34485281689 Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 7526.77784 26191.23859 0.287377697 0.782144324 -54405.66012 69459.2158 -54405.66012 69459.2158 X Variable 1 55.75526099 9.002085339 6.193593916 0.000448041 34.46871168 77.0418103 34.46871168 77.0418103 The graph plot for the number of set ups and the total set up costs The graph plot for the number of set up hours and the total set up costs The regression analysis of a data provides the value of equation of the regression line i.e. the co-efficient of dependent variable, co-efficient of constant term and the R square value of the regression analysis. The p value helps in checking the statistical significance of the regression analysis. The R square value is the percentage of the output data that can be predicted using the input data. The value of R square various between 0 and 1. If the input variables can predict the output with 100% accuracy the R square value is 1. If the input variables cannot predict the output at all then the R square value is 0. In the case of the regression analysis of the number of set ups and set up costs shows that the co-efficient of dependent variable is 421.46, co-efficient of constant term is 14256.33and the R square value is 0.464. Thus the equation of the line is Set up costs = 421.46* Number of set ups + 14256.33 In this case the number of set ups can estimate 46.4% of the total set up costs. The p value of the regression analysis shows that the co-efficient of dependent variable, co-efficient of constant term are statistically significant with confidence interval of 95% In the case of the regression analysis of the number of set up hours and set up costs shows that the co-efficient of dependent variable is 55.75, co-efficient of constant term is 7526.77 and the R square value is 0.845. Thus the equation of the line is Set up costs = 55.75* Number of set ups + 7526.77 In this case the number of set ups can estimate 84.5 % of the total set up costs. Thus the number of set up hours is a better estimator of the set up costs than the number of set ups. The p value of the regression analysis shows that the co-efficient of dependent variable, co-efficient of constant term are statistically significant with confidence interval of 95%. Conclusion After the regression analysis of both the number of set ups and set up costs and the number of set up hours and set up costs it has been found that the R square value of the first case was 0.464 and the second case was 0.845. Thus it can be concluded that the number of set up hours is a better estimator of the set up costs than the number of set ups. Hence Dilbert Toys should start using the number of set up hours as the cost driver to estimate the set up costs and calculate the cost of manufacturing of each toy. References Frost Jim. (2013). How to Interpret Regression Analysis Results: P-values and Coefficients. Kishore Aseem. (2010). Add a Linear Regression Trendline to an Excel Scatter Plot.