Commitment Trap - 1030 Words

With regards to Vietnam under Kennedys presidency, there are many arguments both for and against the idea of commitment trap, Kennedy certainly escalated military involvement in Vietnam but did he have a choice? Or had his predecessors committed him in Vietnam long before he came into the Whitehouse? There is no doubt that Johnson was the one who fully placed ground troops in Vietnam in 65 and created his legacy of Johnsons war, but did any of the previous presidents give him any other option except to stay? Also, was there any evidence of any moments when they couldve pulled out? The commitment trap theory is widely acknowledged, with regards to Vietnam, by historians as it explains many of the extreme actions that were undertaken†¦show more content†¦Another factor that would imply that Eisenhower was the president who committed America in Vietnam would be that his Secretary Of State, John Dulles, set up SEATO, the South-East Asia Treaty Organisation. The SEATO signatories agreed to help South Vietnam, which would suggest by the overall setting up of an organisation, that is inevitably for the aiding of South-Eastern countries, that Kennedy was trapped in Vietnam. Kennedy, who was already seen as too young and naive to be a leader of one of the most powerful countries of the century, would be less likely to withdraw from such a major organisation that his predecessor created. However, were there any moments when Kennedy couldve pulled out? In short, yes, Diems continuous uncooperative and unpopular nature meant that Kennedy couldve intervened a lot sooner than Diems overthrow in 1963. But, having helped dispose the South Vietnamese Leader meant that America were fully obligated to support the next successor. The US colluded in Diems assassination because with Vietnam being the first caught-on-camera war, American media covered many events that portrayed Diems to be a bad and unpopular leader. American citizens watching the Buddhist protests in cities such as Saigon perceived Diems regime to be quite heartless because they were shocked to see Buddhist monks burning themselves to death in protest against the totalitarian regime under control of Diem, however, Kennedy made theShow MoreRelatedSummary : An Inner Path Of Leadership 1327 Words   |  6 Pagesconsciousness and his behavioural attitude towards life. He explains the three basic shifts of mind re quired if we are to create and discover an unfolding future - shifts in how we see the world, how we understand relationships, and how we make commitments. Jaworski assumes that a real leader can guide his own pathway based on â€Å"predictable miracles† which creates synchronicity. When we dedicate our efforts on shaping our future we can emerge through the barriers within us and connect with people toRead MoreMotivational Interviewing : Motivation And Process1686 Words   |  7 Pagessecond phase is negotiating a plan and consolidating commitment. It is important to understand the traps that can be encountered within this process, such as the question/answer trap. In this trap the client is led by the counselor with little chance to have free speech to explain themselves because the counselor is just focused on the next question instead of focusing on where the client is leading them. This trap is very similar to the expert trap in the fact that the client is left to believe theyRead More`` What Athleticism Is This, That Those Her Golden Tresses By Edmund Spenser989 Words   |  4 Pageswomen trap men into a, â€Å"golden sn are† (Gardner 462). At this point in the poem Spenser is using the literary element of metaphor to describe women. By drawing a comparison to a woman’s attire as gold, Spenser is illustrating that women have an alluring surface from the perspective of men. Gold is known to allure people and that is what has made it such a historically valuable commodity. Men are attracted to a woman’s surface features in the same sense. He also alludes to women using this to trap menRead MoreThe Moral Decision Making : An Ethical Decision1517 Words   |  7 Pagesdecisions to our ethical codes and standards. Truly, one unethical decision can do extraordinary damage to Airmen, their families, units, the Air Force, and public perception and support. As a leader, I am more proud of my commitment to our ethical standards and my commitment to making ethical decisions. When all is said and done, I would prefer that those who knew me closest spoke more of my ethics than of my critic al thinking. As such, this desire to remain ethical is what drives ethics to beRead MoreLesser Developed Countries1028 Words   |  4 Pagesdespite vast amounts of foreign aid. Collier makes the argument that while much of LDCs are becoming wealthier, this isn’t the case in Africa and Central Asia who is stuck due to four development traps. Seventy percent of the bottom billion is in Africa. According to Collier, the first trap is the conflict trap. He claims that 73% in the bottom billion are in or have been in a war like conflict, almost always an internal civil war. Countries with high rates of poverty are more likely to break out inRead MoreEthan Frome : Themes In Edith Whartons Ethan Frome966 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the novella, Edith Wharton displays a continuous theme of trapped by expressing Ethans temptation to love Mattie but cannot because of his commitment to Zeena which makes him feel like a prisoner. Wharton depicts the theme trapped throughout the novella by regretful marriage, forbidden love, and moral principal. Marriage, a lifelong commitment, can lead to misery if not taken seriously. â€Å"Somebody had to stay and care for the folks. There warnt ever anybody anybody but Ethan. Fust his father-thenRead MorePros And Cons Of Motivation Interviewing1598 Words   |  7 Pagesskill more often during the second round demonstrating appreciation of her efforts, her emotions and feelings as well as her strengths at work. For example, recognizing her work ethic as a strength allowed me to not only empower her but to create commitment during the session for the end goal. Motivational interviewing reflections can be simple or double-sided, both of them have the function of leading to deeper understanding of the client’s perspective, serve as channels of clarification and theyRead MoreThe Defense Of Homeland Security1126 Words   |  5 Pagesare three specific areas that were plainly spelled out: †¢ Permits pen register and trap-and-trace orders for electronic communications (e.g., email); †¢ Authorizes nationwide execution of court orders for pen registers, trap-and-trace devices, and access to stored email or communications records; †¢ Treats stored voice mail like stored email (rather than like telephone conversations) Applying a pen register and trap-and-trace to emails became a big deal for LE officers who were suspicious of someoneRead MoreEssay on Global Warming is Causing Climate Change535 Words   |  3 PagesGlobal warming is the increase in the earth’s atmospheric temperature. Naturally occurring gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone and water vapor trap heat from the sun, preventing it from leaving the atmosphere. These naturally occurring gases along with human made hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs), per fluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) are collectively known as greenhouse gases. This essay will explain why global warming is fast becoming a cause for concern and whyRead MoreNokia Case Analysis : Nokia1586 Words   |  7 Pagesobserve human behavior and exploit a local market. Nokia developed handsets tailored to local conditions instead of offering low-end handsets to price conscious customers, which enables Nokia to capture more market demand an d maintain profitable. †¢ Commitment to Corporate social responsibility (CSR) Nokia committed to developing technology that can help bridge the communication gaps between various communities around the world. Nokia has been devoted to bring new opportunities to developing world. 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Essay about The Romans and Christianity - 979 Words

Then and now religions shared common dimensions that provide society with a doctrine, narrative, ethics, ritual, experience and a social institution. These six dimensions that Ninian Smart derived spell out the framework for comparative study of religions1. The six dimensions hold true when comparing the daily routine Roman religious thought to modern Christianity. Interwoven into the core of both cultures is a strong unifying spirit that built a strong communal bond for its people. For the Romans, their religion was the religion of the state. It is referred to as s a state religion because for the Romans their â€Å"state religion† had â€Å"ensured and could continue to ensure the preservation and prosperity of their state.2† Because of Rome’s†¦show more content†¦This God however does take on three forms known as The Trinity. The Christian doctrine states that God exists as God the Father, God the Son and God the Holy Spirit. In ritual the Romans and Christians share a common thread of worshiping in a temple and the celebrating their deity in masse gatherings and festivals. Both the Romans and Christians in their gatherings had different chants, prayers or orations they recite. This of course is to show reverence to their deity. The similarities stop there. Romans participated in animal sacrifice and blood ritual. Christians do not have a blood ritual, but they do have varying ceremonies during masse throughout the Christian calendar. Every masse involves the congregation receiving communion from the priest. Romans and Christians shared a rich narrative for their followers. Romans shared stories, a mythology, for every one of their gods. These stories were shared orally and in written text, passed down generation to generation. This fermented the communal spirit of Roman state religion. To Christians, the Bible is the collection of religious writings from Hebrew Scripture. There is the Old Testament and later writings are included in the Old Testament. The Old Testament is a collection of books written prior to the arrival of their messiah Jesus. The New Testament is the life and teachings of Jesus. The majority of modern Christians use the NewShow MoreRelatedChristianity And The Roman Empire979 Words   |  4 PagesSince the beginning of the Roman Empire, religion has always been a big influence in this state. Romans were polytheists believed in many Gods, they had the God of sun, moon, rain, etc†¦ But it was after the third century when Christianity started to form part and get a place in the Roman Empire. Christianity made a huge impact in Rome. Also, followers of this religion suffered from emperor’s thoughts and conclusion about Christianity. Furthermore, the Christians were in persecution for many years;Read MoreChristianity And The Roman Era845 Words   |  4 PagesChristianity is something that has stirred up a lot of controversy through the ages. During the Roman era, people like Emperor Trajan and Pliny, a Roman governor, did not appreciate Christianity since Christians did not follow the Roman religion. On the other side, Origen defends Christianity by debunking Celsus’s view of it. While Trajan and Pliny found fault in Christianity, Origen saw the potential religion that would allow humans to become better people. During early Christianity, Roman officialsRead MoreChristianity And The Roman Empire979 Words   |  4 PagesAncient Roman Empire. Many of the people turned away from the god of old and began to believe in a god that gave salvation and hope. Salvation from this life and onto the next. This ideology would eventually come in many different forms, languages, and ideas. However, they were all waved under one flag and one religion; the cause of Christianity. The Gospel of Matthew: Chapters 4-7 quite accurately covers the main threats that Christianity posed to the Roman Empire. Why was Christianity such a majorRead MoreThe Christianity Of The Roman Empire1170 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 1st century C.E the religion of Christianity was formed from the life, death, and resurrection of its saviour Jesus Christ in 33 C.E. Christianity emerged in the Middle East which at the time was called the Greco-Roman world because the Jews were under the control of Greeks and then the Roman Empire. At that time in the Middle East the most prominent religion was Judaism, they believed in the coming of their Messiah. Many of the Jews in the early formation of the Church believed that JesusRead MoreRoman Impact on Christianity1647 Words   |  7 PagesAbigania 1 Peter Abigania New Testament Professor Moore A World-Changing Impact: The Roman Empire’s Impact on the Early Christian Church It would be simple enough to say that the Christian faith has much to do with Rome’s political status and the instatement of the Pax Romana, but there are so many other factors that had the great empire closely correlated with the Christian faith. For one, a succession of rulers with different types of ruling styles would force believers and converts to flee inRead MoreChristianity And The Roman Empire1775 Words   |  8 Pages After a long fought battle by Christians to belong Christianity flourished and spread throughout the Roman Empire. â€Å"Christianity, the core religion of the West, was born within the Roman Empire and was greatly influenced by Roman law and organization†(Perry 167). Whether or not Rome wanted Christianity it was there to stay. According to Spielvogel â€Å"Christianity fulfilled the human need to belong†(175). Christians formed a bond and communities where people could express their love by helping eachRead MoreThe Between Roman Empire And Christianity851 Words   |  4 Pages(1) Describe the interrelation between the Roman Empire and Christianity by examining the following: (a) Emperor Constantine (b) The Latin Language (c) Church Ritual. The Roman Empire was extremely instrumental in the growth and spread of Christianity. It was already about 400 years old at the birth of Jesus Christ, the founder of the Christian faith, and directly influenced his life. The Roman Empire saw the growing Christian cult as threat, and ordered the crucifixion of Jesus. The followersRead MoreChristianity During The Roman Empire1526 Words   |  7 PagesChristianity in Rome Religion is an important feature in most cultures throughout time. Different religions have been more prominent than others, one of the most popular being Christianity. Christianity developed during the time of the Roman Empire. It began as a minority religion and grew into something much more than that. Christianity’s importance to the empire increased over time. At first, Christian values seemed different than those of pagan Roman civilization and Romans were not sure how toRead MoreThe Embracing of Christianity in Roman Society924 Words   |  4 PagesChristianity being embraced to the Roman society was not a small feat. During this time Christians were heavily persecuted and often put to death. Christianity was considered prohibited cult and following this religion was a capital offence. The polytheistic Romans were extremely tolerant of other religions They allowed the worship of native gods and goddesses throughout their provinces and even adopted some of the deities . (Duiker) As long as the religious practices did not affect the orderRead MoreConstantine And Christianity Of The Roman Empire1350 Words   |  6 PagesConstantine and Christianity in the Roman Empire Religion has always been an important force in the lives of common people. In the early centuries, Christianity was developing with a great influence to affect the Roman world. Constantine came to power in the Western provinces of the Roman Empire as an advocate of religious toleration. Constantine’s advocacy for religious toleration alongside his conversion marked a turning point of the Roman world and drove the spread Christianity. With Diocletian’s

Resurgence Of Vaccine-Preventable Disease - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Resurgence Of Vaccine-Preventable Disease. Answer: Among the different infectious diseases considered as global health concerns, whooping cough is a significant one due to the high incidence rate in spite of strong vaccination programs. The present essay describes the symptoms and mechanism of infection of B. pertussis and discusses the method of identifying the causative organisms. The next section of the essay highlights the reason behind the high incidence of a whooping cough despite childhood vaccination programmes and why the disease is a global public health concern. The paper also brings into limelight the role of vaccination in disease prevention and the present recommendations for B. pertussis management. Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious disease and the causative agent is the bacteria Bordetella pertussis. This disease has become a major global public health concern. At the initial stage, patients suffer from a runny nose, mild cough and fever. Thereafter, the patient suffers weeks of severe coughing fits. The name of the disease is so given since a high-pitched whoop sound is produced as the patient breaths in. The coughing usually lasts for 10 weeks, and this is why the disease is also known as 100-day cough (Hegerle and Guiso 2013). Pertussis is an airborne disease that spreads through sneezes and coughs of the infected person. The bacterial infection is primarily caused by the pertussis toxin; however, invasion of alveolar macrophages and tissues is also a part of the infection mechanism. The bacteria attaches to the hosts' respiratory epithelial cells cili, where is is known to produce toxins responsible for paralysing the cells. As a result, th e respiratory tract suffers inflammation, hence causing interference with the mucociliary escalator which is responsible for clearance of pulmonary secretions (Pawloski et al. 2014). Figure: Immunosuppresion by B. pertussis (Carbonetti 2007) An overall impression of the physician is much needed for initially making the diagnosis of B. pertussis as single factors are not much useful. The methods that are commonly used for laboratory diagnosis include the culture of swabs of nasopharyngeal on a nutrient medium, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), serological methods and direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) method. The bacteria is to be recovered from the patient only during the initial three weeks of illness as the DFA method, and culturing method is useless after this time. PCR also has limited usefulness after this time. Serology is useful for patients who are already infected for many weeks for determining whether there is the presence of antibody against pertussis toxin in the blood at a high level (Melvin et al., 2014). The role of vaccination against pertussis has been well studied in the past as the primary method of prevention. The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends the use of pertussis vaccine as it had saved almost half a million lives in the year 2002. There are two forms of pertussis vaccines, whole cell vaccines and acellular vaccines, of which the former one is not into use at present. The acellular pertussis vaccine is 85% effective, and this is more profound for strains that are more severe. The vaccine for a whooping cough is included as a component in the combination shots including diphtheria and tetanus (Tdap, DPT, DTap). The DTP vaccine had been highly reactive, carrying a high risk of allergic reactions and inflammation of the brain (Brennan 2017). Figure: Pertussis global annual reported cases (who.int 2017) In spite of the widespread vaccination, pertussis has become a persistent disease among the vaccinated populations, and it is now one of the common vaccine-preventable diseases in countries across the globe. Worldwide, there are approximately 24.1 million cases of pertussis and the number of deaths per year is around 160,700. WHO estimated that in 2008, almost16 million cases of pertussis occurred when studies on a worldwide basis. The cases reported in developing countries accounted for 95% of the total number of cases. Further, 195,000 children suffered mortality due to the disease (who.int 2011). As opined by Edwards and Decker (2018) the resurgence of pertussis in the 21st century can be attributed to the amalgamation of bacterial mutations and waning immunity responsible for eluding vaccines. It has been found that immunisation through vaccination is not capable of conferring lifelong immunity. A study conducted in the year 2011 by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) had found that an individual can be protected from the disease for maximum six years after getting vaccine doses. This can cover only the stages of childhood, and it is to be remembered that the childhood is the time of greatest risk of exposure and death from pertussis. A rich pool of resources has found that infection is effective in inducing incomplete natural immunity waning over time. CDC and WHO have pointed out that vaccination is effective in the prevention process but not effective in restricting transmission and infection. This implies that people getting vaccinated have chances of ser ving as asymptomatic reservoirs of pertussis infection (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). Simplifying the matter, Warfel, Zimmerman and Merkel (2014) stated that the global resurgence of pertussis cases is due to the failure of acellular pertussis vaccines. In dissimilarity to whole cell pertussis vaccines used previously, acellular vaccines demonstrate less safety and efficiency. It has also been alleged that the whole cell vaccines could block the spread of infection, unlike the acellular vaccines. However, there is much debate regarding the clarification of this assumption as evidence of the ineffectiveness of whole-cell vaccines are also present. In the present times, a key public relations crisis is caused by distrust of public in vaccine safety. The resurgence of the disease in the present era marked by the use of acellular vaccine is moving into a global public health crisis. At present, deaths among infants due to this infection is at a 70-year high though vaccination is also more into use. Apart from the contributing factors such as waning immunity, vaccine refus al is a key cause of this resurgence. Further, cocooning, the process of giving Tdap to all house contacts of a newborn for prevention of a whooping cough presupposes that vaccine for pertussis prevents infections that are asymptomatic (Cherry 2012). As a recommendation, Klein et al. (2017) suggested that since it is necessary to arrest the growing concern of pertussis, there is a need of state and country legislations that can reform pertussis vaccination process immediately. Educating the leaders in the communities is also necessary. National vaccine policy recommendations are to be put forward so that laws are made at the state level. In addition, governments must focus on funding research that can throw light on novice approaches for pertussis vaccination. In conclusion, the prevalence of pertussis incidence is on the rise, and both biological and social factors are to be blamed for this. The disease is at present a major public health concern, the drawing attention of health authorities. Advanced research aligned with policy reforms can hopefully help in arresting the issue in future. References Brennan, M.J., 2017. A New Whooping Cough Vaccine That May Prevent Colonization and Transmission.Vaccines,5(4), p.43. Carbonetti, N.H., 2007. Immunomodulation in the pathogenesis of Bordetella pertussis infection and disease.Current opinion in pharmacology,7(3), pp.272-278. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2012. Pertussis epidemic--Washington, 2012.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report,61(28), p.517. Cherry, J.D., 2012. Epidemic pertussis in 2012the resurgence of a vaccine-preventable disease.New England Journal of Medicine,367(9), pp.785-787. Edwards, K.M. and Decker, M.D., 2018. Pertussis vaccines. InPlotkin's Vaccines (Seventh Edition)(pp. 711-761). Hegerle, N. and Guiso, N., 2013. Epidemiology of whooping cough typing of Bordetella pertussis.Future Microbiology,8(11), pp.1391-1403. Klein, N.P., Bartlett, J., Fireman, B., Aukes, L., Buck, P.O., Krishnarajah, G. and Baxter, R., 2017. Waning protection following 5 doses of a 3-component diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine.Vaccine,35(26), pp.3395-3400. Melvin, J.A., Scheller, E.V., Miller, J.F. and Cotter, P.A., 2014. Bordetella pertussis pathogenesis: current and future challenges.Nature Reviews Microbiology,12(4), pp.274-288. Pawloski, L.C., Queenan, A.M., Cassiday, P.K., Lynch, A.S., Harrison, M.J., Shang, W., Williams, M.M., Bowden, K.E., Burgos-Rivera, B., Qin, X. and Messonnier, N., 2014. Prevalence and molecular characterization of pertactin-deficient Bordetella pertussis in the United States.Clinical and Vaccine Immunology,21(2), pp.119-125. Warfel, J.M., Zimmerman, L.I. and Merkel, T.J., 2014. Acellular pertussis vaccines protect against disease but fail to prevent infection and transmission in a nonhuman primate model.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,111(2), pp.787-792. Who.int. (2011).WHO | Pertussis. [online] Available at: https://www.who.int/immunization/topics/pertussis/en/ [Accessed 10 Jan. 2018]. World Health Organization. (2017).Pertussis. [online] Available at: https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/vpd/surveillance_type/passive/pertussis/en/ [Accessed 10 Jan. 2018].

Romeo and Juliet - Emotion free essay sample

Love. An intense, vivid emotion that is powerfully portrayed in William Shakespeares exceptionally riveting drama Romeo and Juliet. Illustrated throughout the play in many forms, most importantly in the courtly romance of main characters Romeo and Juliet, the heartening emotion is evoked strongly in Act Two Scene Two. Using effective techniques such as dialogue, plot, imagery and contrast, Shakespeare reveals the couples love and its effect on the entire play. Firstly, it is clear the intensity and wealth of the love in this scene through the haracters dialogue as they proclaim their feelings with heartened enthusiasm: My bounty is as boundless as the sea, my love as deep. The more I give to thee, the more I have, for both are infinite. Juliet states her love for Romeo is endless and infinite, she compares the vast extent of her emotions to the limitless sea here her desire is clear and strong. We will write a custom essay sample on Romeo and Juliet Emotion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Furthermore it is notable that Shakespeare uses the plot and contrast in his play to highlight the significance of the passion in this scene. In the opening scene, Romeo declares his apparent love for another woman, Rosaline: O brawling love/ O loving hate! O anything of nothing first create! The oxymorons convey his frustration and confusion over this unrequited love, proving it is superficial. The Juxtaposition on this false, one sided love against the later intense, true love with Juliet highlights how concentrated and deep his new love shown in Act Two Scene Two is. The plot in Romeo and Juliet is particularly violent and hostile. Key scenes such as the opening scene and the vicious fght in Act Three Scene One between Romeo and Tybalt depict a savage feud between Romeo and Juliets families. This brawling, conflicting situation suggests anything but affection could occur between members of the Capulets and Montagues. The existence of the love conveyed in the balcony scene is emphasised in strength in its ability to withstand the families hatred: Deny thy father and refuse thy name! The admirable force of Juliets love is illustrated in her willingness to reject her family and ignore the feud in order to be with Romeo.